AIM:To research triamcinolone acetonide(TA) assisted vitrectomy marked residual vitreous cortex, posterior vitreous cortex and epiretinal membrane, and whether there is statistical significance in visual acuity and intraocular pressure when compared with the control group. METHODS: From January 2004 to January 2008, 52 patients 53 eyes with vitrectomy, including treatment group 28 eyes with intravitreal injection of TA in the control group, 25 eyes did not use TA. The mean follow-up was 6 months, visual acuity and intraocular pressure changes were observed, and analyzed the statistical significance. RESULTS: The intraocular pressure in treatment group and control group after two months greater than 21mmHg were 11% and 9%, no statistical significance existed; There were no significant changes in visual acuity between the two groups before and after surgery.CONCLUSION: TA can clearly mark the residual vitreous, posterior vitreous cortex and epiretinal membranes, improve operation efficiency, no side effects are found related with TA.