AIM:To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) and its relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the retinal neovascularization.·METHODS:Mouse model of hyperoxia-induced ischemic retinopathy were established. A novel fluorescein-dextran perfusion method had been developed to assess the vascular pattern. The retinal neovascular response was quantitated. HIF-1α and VEGF expression in the retina was determined by immunohistochemical method. ·RESULTS:Lots of neovascularization were seen in hyperoxia group.The number of nuclei of proliferative retinal vessels increased significantly as compared with normal control group (P<0.01). The HIF-1α was expressed in the ganglion cells and retinal blood vessels;and the VEGF presented in the inner nuclear layer,ganglion cells and retinal blood vessels.·CONCLUSION:There are expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in the retinal neovascularization and they are correlated.