·AIM:To study the characteristics and clinical significance of retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness along with increase of myopia degree and axial length.METHODS:According to the myopia degree,140 eyes were divided into four groups as normal,slight,medium and high myopic group.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to measure the RNFL thickness.Each eye was performed circular scans around the optic nerve with a circle size of 3.46mm.The correlation between the thickness of the mean RNFL and refraction,axial length were calculated.The mean and different quadrants RNFL thickness in different groups was analyzed.RESULTS:There was significant inverse linear correlation between the thickness of the mean RNFL and refraction,and also between the thickness of the mean RNFL and axial length.Compared with normal groups,the mean RNFL thickness values in the slight,medium and high myopic groups were thinner.The change occurred first in nasal quadrant.RNFL thickness values in high myopic groups were significantly thinner in nasal,inferior and superior quadrant.Temporal quadrant was thicker,but had no significance compared with the normal group.CONCULSION:The mean RNFL thickness in myopia groups decreases with axial length and refraction.Apart from temporal quadrant,the thickness of RNFL in other quadrants decrease with axial length.The thickness in temporal RNFL is thicker.The result maybe shows characteristics of RNFL thickness in myopia groups,which is of instructive significance to guide the diagnosis of disease.Effect of axial length of globe on RNFL should be concerned for a clinical diagnosis.