In recent years, with the significant progress in modern educational technology，there has been obvious improvement in ophthalmological teaching reform in China. In this article, we discussed how to realize teaching and studying in ophthalmology education，improve the quality of education and train the high-quality talents. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has been used in teaching. Teachers emphasize creative thinking and quality education. Teaching mode has been transferred from the traditional lecture based learning mode to the problem based learning mode. Many modern teaching techniques have been applied in ophthalmology education, including computer assisted instruction (CAI), database system, virtual reality, slit-lamp microscope teaching system and experiment of anatomy. This article summarizes current status and prospects of ophthalmological teaching reform in China.