AIM: To explore the influencing factors of rebuilding binocular vision after surgery through comparison of preoperative and postoperative binocular vision in children with congenital superior oblique palsy.

METHODS: Totally 30 congenital superior oblique palsy children(34 eyes)accepted surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Before and after surgery, binocular vision in children was evaluated by synoptophore and stereoacuity was examined by Titmus.

RESULTS: Postoperative simultaneous perception, fusion, distance or near stereoacuity were better than preoperative. There was statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Comparing the groups with different visual acuity, the better stereoacuity recovery in the group with better visual acuity was found(P<0.05). The difference had statistically significance. The improvement of stereoacuity at high dimensionality group was worse than the low. Stereoacuity in group with compensatory head position was better. The difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Surgery is the reasonable choice for the children with congenital superior oblique palsy. Visual acuity and strabismus degrees and compensatory head position are influencing factors of rebuilding binocular vision.