AIM: To analyze the main causes and related factors of evisceration in countries of western Africa, and study 127 cases(127 eyes)of the evisceration under an operating microscope.

METHODS:The clinical records of 127 patients were analyzed retrospectively and causes and related factors were concluded. All cases of eviscerations were under an operating microscope, and the short and long term complications after operation were observed.

RESULTS: The cause of the evisceration was mainly of perforation by corneal ulcer(114 eyes, 89.8%), in which the purulent ulcer(103 eyes, 90.4%),Moorens ulcer(5 eyes, 4.4%)and with vitreous purulence(34 eyes, 29.8%). The secondary cause of the evisceration was the impossibility to repair because of the big tissue defect caused by severe rupture of eyeball and the lost significance of the repair because of the most prolapse of retina and choroid(8 eyes, 6.3%). And the third cause was the complication of corneal staphyloma(5 eyes, 3.9%). The short and long term complications after operation were visible edema of eyelid and conjunctiva(97 eyes, 76.4%)and active bleeding from operating incision(2 eyes, 1.6%), and long term observation had not yet found the sympathetic ophthalmitis or narrow conjunctival sac as complications.

CONCLUSION: The corneal infectious disease is common in western Africa and mainly causes by the large perforation with purulent corneal ulcer. The operation under surgery microscope can minimize the laceration and defection of bulbar conjunctiva and efficiently avoid the residual choroid and pigment, which could easily occur under traditional operation of the naked eye.