AIM: To investigate the cause and treatment of high intraocular pressure(IOP)after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV).

METHODS: Totally, 482 patients(511 eyes)underwent PPV from January 2007 to March 2010, were reviewed to explore the mechanism and treatment of high IOP after PPV.

RESULTS: High IOP occurred in 140 patients(141 eyes), the rate of IOP elevation was 27.6%. The rate of IOP elevation was significantly between C₃F₈ and silicone tamponading(P<0.01). The rate of IOP elevation with sclera buckling was significantly different from that without sclera buckling(P<0.05). The rate of IOP elevation in aphakia was different from phakia(P<0.01). And it was also had significant difference between traumatic and nontraumatic ones(P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: The risk factors of IOP elevation include sclera buckling, C₃F₈ tamponade, aphakia and trauma.