The idiopathic macular hole(IMH)is research priority associated with the regenerate quickly of vitrectomy. The unaided visual acuity and the best corrected visual acuity is partial for the visual acuity of the patient with IMH.The mechanism and clinical significance of modern visual function measurements associated with IMH, including contrast sensitivity, visual field, multifocal electroretinogram, and stereoscopic vision, have been introduced. These measurements could be of great value in early diagnosis of IMH, assessment of surgical indication and evaluation of visual performance after vitrectomy. They would also be helpful to the analysis of postoperative impaired visual function and its management. Having an adequate understanding of the contents and significance of visual function is helpful to the improvement of IMH surgery techniques and postoperative visual acuity.