Citation:Li MX,Yu SQ,Zhang W,Zhou H,Xu X,Qian TW,Wan YJ.Segmentation of retinal fluid based on deep learning: application of three-dimensional fully convolutional neural networks in optical coherence tomography images.Int J Ophthalmol 2019;12(6):1012-1020,doi:10.18240/ijo.2019.06.22 |
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Segmentation of retinal fluid based on deep learning: application of three-dimensional fully convolutional neural networks in optical coherence tomography images |
Received:January 25, 2019 Revised:April 03, 2019 |
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DOI:10.18240/ijo.2019.06.22 |
Key Words:optical coherence tomography images fluid segmentation 2D fully convolutional network 3D fully convolutional network |
Fund Project:Supported by National Science Foundation of China (No.81800878); Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (No.YG2017QN24); Key Technological Research Projects of Songjiang District (No.18sjkjgg24); Bethune Langmu Ophthalmological Research Fund for Young and Middle-aged People (No.BJ-LM2018002J). |
Author | Institution |
Meng-Xiao Li |
School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
Su-Qin Yu |
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine |
Wei Zhang |
School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
Hao Zhou |
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine |
Xun Xu |
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine |
Tian-Wei Qian |
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine |
Yong-Jing Wan |
School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai , China |
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Abstract: |
AIM: To explore a segmentation algorithm based on deep learning to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with retinal fluid.
METHODS: A two-dimensional (2D) fully convolutional network for retinal segmentation was employed. In order to solve the category imbalance in retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, the network parameters and loss function based on the 2D fully convolutional network were modified. For this network, the correlations of corresponding positions among adjacent images in space are ignored. Thus, we proposed a three-dimensional (3D) fully convolutional network for segmentation in the retinal OCT images.
RESULTS: The algorithm was evaluated according to segmentation accuracy, Kappa coefficient, and F1 score. For the 3D fully convolutional network proposed in this paper, the overall segmentation accuracy rate is 99.56%, Kappa coefficient is 98.47%, and F1 score of retinal fluid is 95.50%.
CONCLUSION: The OCT image segmentation algorithm based on deep learning is primarily founded on the 2D convolutional network. The 3D network architecture proposed in this paper reduces the influence of category imbalance, realizes end-to-end segmentation of volume images, and achieves optimal segmentation results. The segmentation maps are practically the same as the manual annotations of doctors, and can provide doctors with more accurate diagnostic data. |
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