N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a reversible process promoted by “writers”, inhibited by “erasers”, and processed by “readers”. During the last decade, increasing emphasis has been placed on the underlying roles of m6A modification owing to their great importance in biological significance. The abnormal regulation of m6A modification will lead to aberrant cellular behavior and various diseases. Recently, studies have demonstrated that m6A modification is closely associated with the genesis and progression of ocular surface diseases (OSDs). This review focus on the role of m6A modification and research progress in OSDs including fungal keratitis, herpes simplex keratitis, immune-related keratoconjunctival diseases, pterygium, ocular chemical burns, and Graves’ ophthalmopathy, which may provide new insights into and prospective applications for OSDs.