Basic Research

Effect of green flickering light on myopia development and expression of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in guinea pigs

绿色闪烁光对豚鼠近视发育及M1毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体表达的影响

Yuan Tao, Xiao-Li Li, Li-Yuan Sun, Yu-Hua Wei, Xiao-Ting Yu, Hong Wang

The authors aimed to investigate the effects of green flickering light on refractive development and expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChRs) M1 in the eyes of guinea pigs. Thirty guinea pigs (15-20 days old) were randomly divided into three groups. Animals in group I were raised in a completely closed carton with green flickering light illumination. Those in group II were kept in the open top closed carton under normal natural light. Guinea pigs were raised in a sight-widen cage under normal natural light in group III. Refraction was found to be significantly reduced among the three groups and axial length was significantly longer after over 8 weeks' experiments; However, there was no M1 receptor expression in choroid both in 3 groups. Myopia can be induced by 8 weeks’ green flickering light exposure. M1 receptor may be involved causally or protectively in myopia development.

作者旨在探讨绿色闪烁光对豚鼠眼屈光发育及M1毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体（mAChRs）M1表达的影响。30只豚鼠(15～20日龄)随机分为三组。I组动物在一个完全封闭的纸箱中饲养并采用绿色闪烁光照。II组在顶部开放的封闭纸箱中采用正常自然光照。III组豚鼠在视野完全开放纸箱中采用正常自然光照。结果发现8周后三组屈光度均明显向近视发展，并且I组和II组眼轴明显增长，而三组均未见脉络膜M1受体表达。可见8周的绿色闪烁光照射可引起近视。M1受体可能预防近视的发生。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2018/11/20181104.pdf

Basic Research

Increased succinate receptor GPR91 involved in the pathogenesis of Mooren’s ulcer

琥珀酸受体GPR91的增加与蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的发病机制的研究

Lin Li, Yan-Ling Dong, Ting Liu, Dan Luo, Chao Wei, Wei-Yun Shi

The study aimed to investigate the expression of succinate receptor GPR91 and its pathogenic roles in Mooren’s ulcer (MU). The authors found that the elevated expression of succinate receptor GPR91 in the MU samples. GPR91 signaling, depending on NF-κB activity, triggered the production of IL-1β, NLRP3, VEGF-A and MMP-13. These data suggested that GPR91 was probably involved in the pathomechanism of MU through its pro-inflammatory effect. This is the first study to provide evidence of a link between metabolism and the pathogenesis of MU, thereby broadening therapeutic targets for MU patients.

研究旨在探讨琥珀酸受体GPR91在蚕蚀性角膜溃疡中的表达及其意义。作者发现琥珀酸受体GPR91在蚕蚀性角膜溃疡样本中的表达升高。GPR91通过NF-κB传递信号，诱导IL-1β、NLRP3、VEGF-A和MMP-13合成。这些数据表明GPR91可能通过促炎作用参与蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的发病机制。该研究首次将代谢与蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的发病机制相联系，从而拓展了蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的治疗靶点。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2018/11/20181101.pdf

Clinical Research

Comparison of persistent submacular fluid in different preoperative macular status after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

比较孔源性视网膜脱离玻璃体切除术前黄斑病变状态和术后持续性黄斑下积液

Jian-Bo Mao, Jing-Jing Lin, Xue-Ting Yu, Dan Cheng, Yi-Qi Chen, Ji-Wei Tao, Han-Fei Wu, Lu Jiang, Yun Zhang, Li-Jun Shen

This study compare the incidence of persistent submacular fluid (SMF) and visual outcome after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in different preoperative macular status according to optical coherence tomography (OCT). The result showed persistent SMF after PPV for retinal detachment was associated with preoperative macular status. Macula-uninvolving RRD showed no persistent SMF after PPV. Macular partly detached RRD had a higher incidence of SMF than macula totally detached RRD after PPV. The persistence of SMF may be responsible for the delayed visual recovery, whereas there were no significant differences in the final visual acuity.

该研究应用OCT比较孔源性视网膜脱离患者不同术前黄斑病变状态下术后黄斑下积液发生率及视力结果。结果表明孔源性视网膜脱离患者玻璃体切除术后持续性黄斑下积液与术前黄斑病变状态有关。视网膜脱离未累及黄斑部术后无持续性黄斑下积液。黄斑部分脱离比黄斑完全脱离的持续性积液发生率高。持续性黄斑下积液可能导致视觉恢复延迟，然而最终视力没有显著差异。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2018/11/20181110.pdf

Clinical Research

Clinical features of posterior microphthalmic and nanophthalmic eyes

后部小眼球和真性小眼球的临床特征

Jing-Jing Liu, Yi-Ye Chen, Xiang Zhang, Pei-Quan Zhao

This study explored various features and clinical management of posterior microphthalmos and nanophthalmos to better understand and differentiate these rare conditions and their prognosis. The mechanisms of papillomacular folds formation was studied using optical coherence tomography. The results show that complications like angle closure glaucoma and exudative retinal detachment are likely to occur in eyes with nanophthalmos but not with posterior microphthalmos. The authors proposed that papillomacular folds and flattened macula in posterior microphthalmos and nanophthalmos may also develop as a result of a poorly differentiated macula because the presence of inner retinal layers in this area.

该研究探讨了后部小眼球和真性小眼球不同的特征和临床处理以便更好地了解和鉴别此罕见病例及其预后。同时应用光学相干层析成像研究了视盘黄斑皱襞的形成机制。研究结果表明并发症如闭角型青光眼和渗出性视网膜脱离更易发生于真性小眼球患者。作者认为后部小眼球和真性小眼球的视盘黄斑皱襞的形成是由于该区域存在视网膜内层导致黄斑低分化的结果。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2018/11/20181115.pdf