Basic Research

Effects of the long wavelength-filtered continuous spectrum on natural refractive development in juvenile guinea pigs

长波长缺失的连续光谱对幼年豚鼠自然屈光发育的影响

Rui-Qin Li, Wei-Zhong Lan, Xiao-Ning Li, Hao-Ran Wu, Qing-Lin Xu, Hong Zhong, Wen-Tao Li, Zhi-Kuan Yang

This study investigated the effects of spectral composition and light intensity on natural refractive development in guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were raised under different conditions to see how differences in spectral composition and light intensity in a continuous spectrum affect refractive development. The results suggested that under high-intensity lighting, high light intensity, not spectrum distributions, inhibited axial growth. Under medium- and low-intensity lighting, filtering out the long wavelength inhibited axial growth in juvenile guinea pigs.

该文研究了光谱组成和光强度对豚鼠自然屈光发育的影响。豚鼠被饲养在不同环境中以研究不同光谱组成和不同的光强度如何影响屈光发育。研究结果表明，高强度光照组中，是高光照强度而不是光谱组成抑制眼轴增长；中低强度光照组中，滤过长波长的光谱可抑制幼年豚鼠眼轴增长。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/6/20190601.pdf

Clinical Research

Focal choroidal excavation complicated with choroidal neovascularization in young and middle aged patients

中青年患者局部脉络膜凹陷合并脉络膜新生血管

Wen-Yi Tang, Ting Zhang, Qin-Meng Shu, Chun-Hui Jiang, Qing Chang, Hong Zhuang, Ge-Zhi Xu

This study investigated the clinical and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) complicated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in young and middle aged patients. The results showed that after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy, the central retinal thickness was significantly reduced and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly improved. FCE may be an important reason to cause CNV. Especially in young patients with idiopathic CNV, we should pay attention to the use of OCT to check the presence of FCE. Anti-VEGF therapy is generally effective for CNV associated with FCE.

该研究探讨中青年患者局部脉络膜凹陷合并脉络膜新生血管的临床及光学相干断层扫描图像特征。结果表明，在抗血管内皮生长因子治疗后，视网膜中央厚度明显减少，最佳矫正视力明显提高。局部脉络膜凹陷可能是引起脉络膜新生血管的重要原因之一。对于脉络膜新生血管患者，应进行光学相干断层扫描检查是否存在局部脉络膜凹陷，尤其是年轻的特发性脉络膜新生血管患者。抗血管内皮生长因子对局部脉络膜凹陷合并脉络膜新生血管治疗通常是有效的。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/6/20190616.pdf

Basic Research

Effects of astaxanthin on antioxidant parameters in ARPE-19 cells on oxidative stress model

虾青素对ARPE-19细胞氧化应激模型抗氧化参数的影响

The study aimed to observe the protective effect of astaxanthin against hydroquinone mediated cell death in the apoptotic cascade and evaluating intracellular Ca²⁺ release, caspase-3, and -9 activation, reactive oxygen species production in ARPE-19 cells. The authors found that ARPE-19 cells are avoided from hydroquinone-induced reactive oxygen species production and caspase-3 and -9 activation by astaxanthin. Astaxanthin may limit the range of caspase synthesis, Ca²⁺ release and excess production of reactive oxygen species with antiapoptotic effect. This study proposes a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration.

该研究旨在观察虾青素在对苯二酚介导的促细胞凋亡级联反应中ARPE-19细胞死亡的保护作用以及评估ARPE-19细胞内Ca²⁺的释放、caspase-3和caspase-9的激活和活性氧的产物。作者发现虾青素可抑制对苯二酚诱导的ARPE-19细胞活性氧的生成，并抑制caspase-3和caspase-9的激活。虾青素可一定程度上限制caspase的合成、Ca²⁺的释放和活性氧物质的过量产生，具有抗凋亡作用。该发现可提供一种治疗老年性黄斑变性的新方法。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/6/20190608.pdf

Review Article

Visual problems: A review of prevalence studies on visual impairment in school-age children

视觉问题：学龄儿童视力损伤的患病率研究进展

Uchenna C. Atowa, Rekha Hansraj, Samuel O. Wajuihian

The present review highlights gaps in the knowledge of the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in school-age children and emphasised on the need for additional research in this area of study. The review also reveals regional variations in the prevalence of visual impairment. These variations may be attributed to differences in socioeconomic development, race, cultural factors, as well as, availability of interventions. Considering the implication of visual anomalies to academic achievement, as well as overall well-being, the review could provide useful information for policy-makers and can help in planning, provision and evaluation of child health services.

该综述强调了学龄儿童视力损伤的患病率和患病因素的认知缺陷，并指出了这一领域的研究需要。此外，文章还揭示了视觉损伤患病率的区域差异，这些差异可能归因于社会经济发展、种族、文化因素以及有效干预措施的不平衡。考虑到视觉异常对学习成绩和整体健康状况的影响，该文可为决策者提供有用的信息，有助于规划、提供和评价儿童保健服务。

http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/6/20190625.pdf