BASIC RESEARCH

Sensitized heat shock protein 27 induces retinal ganglion cells apoptosis in rat glaucoma model

Wei Zhao, Le Dai, Xiao-Ting Xi, Qian-Bo Chen, Mei-Xia An, Yan Li

The laboratory tests of autoimmune diseases, especially the detection of autoantibodies, have been becoming an important and effective method in clinic. Analysis of autoantibodies can provide an objective basis for the differential diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the changes of heat shock protein 27 antibody (anti-HSP27) in serum/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis in a rat glaucoma model and disclose the underlying pathogenesis of glaucoma. The results show that the increases of anti-HSP27 levels in serum and CSFs both promote IOP escalation and the increase of RGC apoptosis in retina when anti-HSP27 was at low level. The case of high-level anti-HSP27 is opposite and shows protective function in preventing IOP increase and RGC apoptosis.

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热休克蛋白27致敏诱导青光眼大鼠视网膜神经节细胞凋亡

自身免疫性疾病的实验室检测，特别是自身抗体的检测，已成为临床上一种重要而有效的方法。自身抗体分析可为鉴别诊断提供客观依据。该文旨在探讨大鼠青光眼模型血清/脑脊液中热休克蛋白27抗体、眼压、视网膜神经节细胞凋亡的变化及其与青光眼发病的关系。其研究结果表明当热休克蛋白27抗体处于低水平时，血清和CSFs中抗热休克蛋白27水平的升高均促进眼压升高和视网膜神经节细胞的凋亡，而高水平热休克蛋白27抗体对抑制眼压升高和视网膜神经节细胞具有保护作用。

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CLINICAL RESEARCH

Stability of the Barrett True-K formula for intraocular lens power calculation after SMILE in Chinese myopic eyes

Wei Zhu, Feng-Ju Zhang, Yu Li, Yan-Zheng Song

This article compared the Barrett True-K formula with other formulas integrated in Lenstar 900 to predict intraocular lens (IOL) power after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Results showed that the prediction of equivalent IOL power was more stable for the Barrett True-K formula, especially in long axial length eyes. These findings could serve as a reference for cataract surgeons when choosing IOL formulas.

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Barrett True-K公式用于中国近视眼SMILE术后人工晶体屈光度计算的稳定性

该文章比较了Barrett True-K公式与其他公式结合Lenstar 900预测SMILE术后的人工晶体屈光度。结果表明，Barrett True-K公式等效人工晶体屈光度的预测更加稳定，尤其是长眼轴患者。这些发现可以为白内障手术医生在选择人工晶体计算公式时提供参考。

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CLINICAL RESEARCH

Elevated VEGF-A & PLGF concentration in aqueous humor of patients with uveal melanoma following Iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy

Meng-Xi Chen, Yue-Ming Liu, Yang Li, Xuan Yang, Wen-Bin Wei

The study aimed to measure the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and placental growth factor (PLGF) in aqueous humor of uveal melanoma patients before and after Iodine-125 plaque therapy (IPT), determine the postoperative fluctuation and evaluate associated factors in vivo. This study showed that VEGF-A and PLGF in aqueous humor significantly increased with tumor thickness and radiation process in uveal melanoma patients. VEGF-A and PLGF may be crucial in uveal melanoma genesis and radiotherapy reactions. Immune mediators comprised IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-10 could play roles in the link between inflammation and angiogenesis in uveal melanoma when exposed to radiotherapy.

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葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者碘-125敷贴放射治疗后房水VEGF-A和PLGF浓度变化

该研究旨在检测碘-125敷贴放射治疗葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者房水中血管内皮生长因子A（VEGF-A）和胎盘生长因子（PLGF）的浓度变化，测定术后波动及评价体内相关因素。研究结果表明葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者房水中VEGF-A和PLGF浓度随肿瘤厚度和放疗过程的增加而显著升高。VEGF-A和PLGF在葡萄膜黑色素瘤的发生和放疗反应中至关重要。IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-10组成的免疫介质在葡萄膜黑色素瘤放疗后炎症和血管生成中起着重要作用。

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Non-simulator-based techniques in teaching direct ophthalmoscopy for medical students: a systematic review

Udagedara Mudiyanselage Jayami Eshana Samaranayake, Yasith Mathangasinghe, Udagedara Mudiyanselage Navami Pavithra Samaranayake, Manawattalage Wijayatunga

Direct ophthalmoscopy skill training plays a vital role in undergraduate medical education as it is being used constantly in daily clinical practice in diagnosing many disease conditions. In most countries including Asia, non-simulator techniques of direct ophthalmoscopy are being used for undergraduate teaching purposes. The authors included the studies that conducted different non-simulator-based ophthalmoscopy teaching methods through undergraduate medical curricula. Through the review, the authors concluded that non-simulator-based techniques such as use of fundal photograph matching of an eye of a volunteer, introduction to eye pathologies, smaller student groups and formal instructions with video demonstrations prior to skills training were highly effective in teaching direct ophthalmoscopy for undergraduate medical students.

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医学生直接眼底镜检查教学中的非模拟技术

直接眼底镜检查技能培训在本科医学教育中发挥着重要作用，因其在日常临床实践中被用于诊断多种疾病。包括亚洲在内的大多数国家，直接眼底镜检查的非模拟技术在本科教学中得以应用。作者对在本科医学课程中不同的非模拟式眼底镜教学方法的效果进行比较。非模拟技术如采用志愿者对眼底图片进行匹配、眼部病理学介绍、较小的学生分组和在技能培训前通过视频演示的正式指导，在本科医学生直接眼底镜检查教学中是非常有效的。

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