BASIC RESEARCH

Hydrogen promotes the activation of Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase in a rat corneal alkali-burn model

Takeshi Arima, Tsutomu Igarashi, Masaaki Uchiyama, Maika Kobayashi, Ikuroh Ohsawa, Akira Shimizu, Hiroshi Takahashi

This study aims to investigate the effects of hydrogen (H2) on Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activation in a rat model of corneal alkali burn. The authors found that numbers of both inflammatory infiltrating and vascular endothelial cells were significantly reduced in the corneas of rats treated with an instillation of H2-dissolved saline both before and after corneal injury. Furthermore, H2 treatment markedly increased both the cytoplasmic SOD1 levels and activity in corneal epithelial cells, compared to saline treatment. The findings suggest that H2 treatment suppresses inflammation and neovascularization in the injured cornea and indirectly suppresses an oxidative insult to the cornea by upregulating both the level and activity of SOD1.

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大鼠角膜碱烧伤模型中H2促进Cu，Zn超氧化物歧化酶激活的研究

该研究旨在探讨氢(H2)对大鼠角膜碱烧伤后Cu，Zn超氧化物歧化酶激活(SOD1)的影响。角膜损伤前后滴注H2溶解液的大鼠角膜中，炎症浸润细胞和血管内皮细胞的数量均显著减少。与生理盐水处理相比，H2显著提高角膜上皮细胞胞浆SOD1水平和活性。H2治疗可抑制受伤角膜的炎症和新生血管，并通过上调SOD1的水平和活性间接抑制角膜的氧化损伤。

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CLINICAL RESEARCH

Measurements of the parapapillary atrophy area and other fundus morphological features in high myopia with or without posterior staphyloma and myopic traction maculopathy

Xiao-Xiao Guo, Xi Chen, Shan-Shan Li, Min Li, Xiu-Fen Yang, Lu Zhao, Ran You, Yan-Ling Wang

High myopia is a major cause of visual impairment. Myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) is a high myopia-related complication caused by several mechanisms, with traction as a common pathway. Usually, axial length (AL), age and posterior staphyloma (PS) are main risk factors for the progression of fundus diseases in high myopia, but mechanisms for the development of MTM still remain unclear.

The study examined high myopia patients at different stages of progression based on PS and MTM. According to morphological changes, the authors analyzed the relationship between anatomical features and different stages of high myopia. The results show that, the characteristics of the gamma and delta zones changed inconsistently in different stages of high myopia patients. These changes might be associated with anatomical changes caused by local traction. Factors such as PS, AL and age played an important role. These findings might provide a hint about the pathogenesis of traction in high myopia patients.

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高度近视伴后巩膜葡萄肿和牵引性黄斑病变视盘旁萎缩面积及眼底形态特征

高度近视是视力损害的主要原因之一。近视牵引性黄斑病变(MTM)是一种由多种机制引起的高度近视相关并发症，牵引性病变是其常见的发病途径。通常眼轴长度(AL)、年龄和后巩膜葡萄肿(PS)是高度近视眼底病变进展的主要危险因素，但MTM的发展机制仍不清楚。

这项研究以PS和MTM为基础，对处于不同发展阶段的高度近视患者进行了研究。根据形态学变化，分析了高度近视眼的解剖特征与发展阶段的关系。结果表明，高度近视患者不同阶段的gamma带和delta带变化不一致。这些变化可能与局部牵引引起的解剖改变有关。PS、AL、年龄等因素起重要作用。这些发现可能为高度近视患者牵引的发病机制提供了线索。

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CLINICAL RESEARCH

Comparative 2-year outcomes of conventional and accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking in progressive keratoconus

Ömür Ö. Uçakhan, Ya?mur Seda Ye?ilta?

This study compared the safety and efficacy of conventional versus accelerated (9 mW/cm2) corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus at the 2-year follow-up. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction, slit-lamp biomicroscopy findings, corneal tomography, and in vivo confocal microscopy were recorded at baseline, and at 1, 3, and 6mo, and 1 and 2y after receiving conventional CXL (CCXL) or accelerated CXL (ACXL) treatment. The results showed, ACXL is less effective in halting the progression of keratoconus at a 2-year follow-up compared to CCXL.

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进展性圆锥角膜常规和加速角膜胶原交联的2年结果比较

该研究通过2年随访比较了进展性圆锥角膜常规和加速(9 mW/cm2)角膜胶原交联的安全性以及有效性。随访术后1，3，6月以及1，2年的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、显性验光、裂隙灯检查、角膜地形图和共聚焦显微镜检查结果显示，与常规角膜胶原交联术相比，加速角膜胶原交联术在终止圆锥角膜进展的2年随访中效果较差。

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INVESTIGATION

Ocular injury resulting in eye removal at a large tertiary care center in China

Han Wu, Jing-Yi Wang, Xin-Cao Zhong, Xin Shi, Yi-Hua Wu, Juan Ye

This study aims to investigate the risk factors for eye removal following ocular trauma at a major ophthalmology department in China. The retrospective study included 1675 removal eyes from 1674 patients over the 20-year period. The results show that work-related injuries are the important cause of severe ocular injury resulting in eye removal. In addition, men and undereducated patients were more likely to undergo eye removal surgery following ocular trauma, and preventive efforts based on the analysis of these risk factors may reduce the incidence of ocular trauma. The data suggest that appropriate use of protective eyewear, better education, and decrement of environmental risks and high-risk activities could reduce the morbidity associated with eye injuries.

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眼外伤导致眼球摘除危险因素分析

该研究旨在探讨国内重点眼科中心眼外伤后眼球摘除的危险因素。该回顾性研究包括过去20年间，施行眼球摘除术的1674名患者(1675只眼)。结果表明，工伤是严重眼外伤的重要原因，最终可能导致眼球被摘除。此外，男性和文化程度较低的患者更容易导致眼外伤引起的眼球摘除，基于这些危险因素的分析，采取相应的预防措施可以降低眼外伤的发生率。研究数据表明，适当使用防护眼镜、进行良好的教育、减少环境风险和高风险活动可以降低眼损伤的发生率。

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