Sirt6(Sirtuin 6)是一组依赖于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD+)的组蛋白去乙酰化酶，具有独特的结构和重要的生物学功能，在机体的新陈代谢、DNA 修复、抗氧化应激、炎症、抗衰老等中发挥着重要的作用。文章总结了Sirt6在眼科疾病中的病理生理学机制研究进展，重点解析其在糖尿病视网膜病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼性神经退行性变及角膜伤口修复中的作用。研究表明，Sirt6通过调控细胞自噬、调节氧化应激、抑制炎症反应以及维持线粒体功能等多种机制，显著影响眼科疾病的发生、发展及预后。文章系统总结了近年来Sirt6在眼科疾病领域的最新研究成果，并深入剖析其分子机制，以期为眼科疾病的预防和治疗提供新的理论依据和潜在靶点。

Sirt6(Sirtuin 6), a member of the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase family, plays a pivotal role in regulating several essential biological processes, including metabolism, DNA repair, anti-oxidative responses, inflammation, and anti-aging. This review synthesizes contemporary insights into Sirt6's pathophysiological mechanisms within major ocular conditions, specifically examining its roles in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucomatous neurodegeneration, and corneal disorders. Studies have demonstrated that Sirt6 significantly influences the onset, progression, and prognosis of ophthalmic diseases through various mechanisms, including the regulation of cellular autophagy, modulation of oxidative stress, suppression of inflammatory responses, and maintenance of mitochondrial function. This review systematically summarizes the latest research advances in the field of Sirt6 in ophthalmic diseases and provides an in-depth analysis of its molecular mechanisms, aiming to offer new theoretical insights and potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmic diseases.

长沙市自然科学基金项目(No.kq2208494); 爱尔集团自然科学基金项目(No.AF2204D14)